Faculty

• James Gardner, chair
• Professors: Burton (Heritage Chair in Music), Engebretson, J. Gardner (chair), Maiello, Miller, Smith
• Term Professor: Sternbach
• Associate Professors: Billingham, Carroll, Monson (associate chair)
• Term Associate Professors: Casagrande, Rendler
• Assistant Professors: Bergman, Bullard, T. Owens
• Adjuncts: Antosca, Balakerskaia, Beckwith, Behrend, Berkshire-Brown, Berger, Cook, Conlon, Crabill, Dewey, Haroutounian, Healey, Hughes, Jononnott, Ker-Hackleman, Kim, Lapple, Maley, Mann, McCarthy, M. Owens, Taylor, Toth, von Villas, Whittier

Applied Music Faculty

Bassoon: Douglas Kehlenbrink, Adjunct Associate Professor. BS, Ball State University; MM, James Madison University. Former faculty member, James Madison University.

Cello: Robert Park, Adjunct Assistant Professor. BS, University of Maryland, College Park; MM, DMA, The Catholic University of America; principal cellist, U.S. Army Band of Washington, D.C. (Army Orchestra and Strolling Strings).

Loran Stephenson, Adjunct Associate Professor. BM, Curtis Institute of Music; MM, The Catholic University of America; National Symphony Orchestra; former member, U.S. Army Band of Washington, D.C.

Clarinet: Sharon Bonneau, Adjunct Assistant Professor. BM, BME, Eastman School of Music; MA, George Mason University; former clarinetist, U.S. Air Force Band of Washington, D.C.

Lora Ferguson, Adjunct Associate Professor. BM, Oberlin Conservatory; MM, The Catholic University of America; clarinetist, Kennedy Center Opera House Orchestra; Capitol Woodwind Quintet.

Brian Jones, Adjunct Assistant Professor. BME, Florida State University; MM, Baylor University; DMA, The Catholic University of America; former member, U.S. Air Force Band of Washington, D.C.; instructor of clarinet, The Levine School of Music.

Composition: Steve Antosca, Adjunct Asistant Professor. BA, Tulane University; MM Peabody Conservatory of Music of The Johns Hopkins University; Artist-in-Residence, Duke Ellington School of the Arts; Co-Chair, Composition Department at Levine School of Music.

Stephen Burton, Professor. MM, Peabody Conservatory.

Glenn Smith, Professor. BA, MA, California State University, Hayward; DMus, Indiana University.

Conducting: Stanley Engebretson, Professor. BA, MA, University of North Dakota; DMA, Stanford University; Director of Choral Studies, George Mason University; artistic director, Masterworks Chorus and Orchestra; music director, New York Avenue Presbyterian Church; former associate conductor, Minnesota Chorale.

Anthony Maiello, Professor. BS, M.S, Ithaca College; Director of Instrumental Music Studies, George Mason University; former chairman of performance, Potsdam College of The State University of New York; former associate conductor, McLean (Va.) Orchestra.

Euphonium: Roger Behrend, Adjunct Professor. BME, Michigan State University; MA, George Mason University; solo/principal euphoniumist, U.S. Navy Band of -Washington, D.C.

Flute: Judith Lapple, Adjunct Professor. BM, Eastman School of Music; MM, Northeast Louisiana University; former principal flutist, U.S. Air Force Band of Washington, D.C.

Thomas Perazzoli, Adjunct Associate Professor. -Philadelphia Musical Academy; flutist, National Symphony Orchestra.

Guitar (Classical): Larry Snitzler, Adjunct Professor. Former student of Andres Segovia (guitar) and Nadia Boulanger (theory); international concert tours; former freelance music producer, National Public Radio.

Guitar (Jazz): Richard Whitehead, Adjunct Assistant Professor.

Harp. Jeanne Chalifoux, Adjunct Assistant Professor. Artist Diploma, Curtis Institute of Music; former harpist, National Gallery Orchestra and National Symphony Orchestra.

Horn: Eric Moore, Adjunct Assistant Professor.

Edwin Thayer, Adjunct Associate Professor. BM, MM, University of Illinois; hornist, National Symphony Orchestra.

David Whaley, Adjunct Associate Professor. BME, Drake University; MM, DMA, University of Illinois; hornist, National Symphony Orchestra.

Koto: Kyoko Okamoto, Adjunct Assistant Professor. Bachelor in Languages, Kyoto University of Foreign Studies; Toho Kinshu Kai (Koto School).

Oboe: Lorrie Berkshire-Brown, Adjunct Assistant Professor. BM, Arizona State University; MM, Manhattan School of Music; oboist, U.S. Army Band of Washington, D.C.; substitute oboist, New York Philharmonic Orchestra.

Organ: William Neil, Adjunct Professor. BA, Pennsylvania State University; MM, Syracuse University; University of Michigan; The Juilliard School; organist and keyboardist, National Symphony Orchestra, Chamber Soloists of Washington, Handel Festival Orchestra, New York Trumpet Ensemble.

Percussion: Guy Gauthreaux, Adjunct Associate Professor. BMEd., Northeast Louisiana University; MM, Northwestern University; D.MA, Louisiana State University; timpanist, U.S. Navy Band.

Kenneth Harbison, Adjunct Associate Professor. BM, Eastman School; MM, The Catholic University of America; assistant principal percussionist, National Symphony Orchestra.

Percussion (Jazz): Harold Sumney, Adjunct Assistant Professor.

Piano: Anna Balakerskaia, Adjunct Artist Professor. MM, DMA, St. Petersburg State Conservatory, Russia; piano soloist and chamber musician throughout the U.S., Europe, South America, and Russia. Former faculty member, Moscow and St. Petersburg State Conservatories.

Joanne Haroutounian, Adjunct Associate Professor. BA, Trenton State College; MA, The American University; PhD, University of Virginia; pedagogy author, lecturer, and -clinician.

Linda Apple Monson, Associate Professor. BMEd, MM, DMA, Peabody Conservatory of Music of the Johns Hopkins University; diploma (piano performance), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; soloist, accompanist, and chamber musician in the U.S. and Europe; music director, Springfield United Methodist Church. Former faculty member of Peabody Institute, College of Notre Dame of Maryland, and Northern Virginia Community College.

Piano (Jazz): Wade Beach, Adjunct Assistant Professor.

Saxophone: Richard Parrell, Adjunct Assistant Professor. BA, BM, George Mason University; MME, North Texas State University; solo principal saxophonist, U.S. Army Band of Washington, D.C.

Dale Underwood, Adjunct Professor. Texas Tech University; former saxophone soloist, U.S. Navy Band of Washington, D.C.

String Bass: Glenn A. Dewey, Adjunct Associate Professor. BM, University of Illinois; MM, Northwestern University; bassist, U.S. Marine Band of Washington, D.C.; former double/electric bass instructor, Millikin University.

Trombone: Matthew Neff, Adjunct Assistant Professor. B.S.M.Ed., Penn State University; MM, Catholic University; bass trombonist, U.S. Navy Band.

Trumpet: Stanley Curtis, Adjunct Associate Professor. BM, University of Alabama; MM, Cleveland Institute of Music; trumpeter, U.S. Navy Band.

Dennis Edelbrock, Adjunct Professor. BME, University of Iowa; MA, DMA, The Catholic University of America; trumpeter, U.S. Army Band of Washington, D.C., and National Gallery Orchestra.

Tuba: Roger Behrend (see listing under Euphonium).

Viola: Edwin Johonnott, Adjunct Professor. Former violinist, National Symphony Orchestra. Studied at Indiana University and Illinois University.

Ramon Scavelli, Adjunct Associate Professor. Philadelphia Musical Academy; violist, National Symphony Orchestra.

Violin: James E. Gardner, Professor. Chair, Department of Music. BM, Oklahoma City University; MM, D.MA, Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary.

Peter Haase, Adjunct Professor. MM, State Conservatory of Music, Katowice, Poland; postgraduate studies, Moscow Conservative and The Juilliard School; violinist, National Symphony Orchestra.

Edwin Johonnott, Adjunct Professor. Former violinist, National Symphony Orchestra. Studied at Indiana University and Illinois University.

Voice: Carla Rae Cook, Adjunct Associate Professor. BM, University of Utah; MM, Boston University; Postgraduate Studies, Manhattan School of Music; winner of national and international singing competitions; performing dramatic mezzo-soprano.

Stanley Engebretson (see listing under Conducting).

Kathryn Hearden-Botelho, Adjunct Professor. BM, St. Norbert College; MM, Performers Certificate, DMA, Eastman School of Music; nationally known soloist and concert artist with opera companies and orchestras.

Laura Mann, Adjunct Professor. BM, MM, Eastman School of Music; DMA, University of Maryland; international opera, concert, and recording artist with European and North American opera companies and orchestras.

Patricia Miller, Professor. BM, Boston University; MM, New England Conservatory; Artist Diploma, Accademia di Santa Cecilia (Rome); Advanced Vocal Studies, Mozarteum, Salzburg, Austria; international opera, concert, and recording artist with North American, South American, and European opera companies and orchestras.

Debby Wenner, Adjunct Assistant Professor. BS, Frostburg State College; MM, George Washington University; Graduate Work, West Virginia University, The Catholic University of America; former member, Metropolitan Opera Apprentice Program; performing mezzo-soprano.

Kerry Wilkerson, Adjunct Assistant Professor. BM, University of North Carolina, Greensboro; MM, George Mason University; member, U.S. Army Chorus.

Course Work

The Music Department offers all course work designated MUSI in the "Course Descriptions" chapter of this catalog.

Undergraduate Programs

The two undergraduate degree programs offered through the Department of Music, the bachelor of art (BA) in music and the bachelor of music (BM), prepare students for graduate work in music and music literature, research and professional work in musical activities, and state licensure, or certification, to teach vocal and choral or instrumental music at the elementary and secondary school levels.

Through its strategic plan, Music Outreach and the Teaching Professions, the department enables students to pursue worthwhile vocational goals as teachers, performers, conductors, and composers. The department also seeks to educate its students to reflect a concern for cultural and humanistic values as future ambassadors and advocates of music and the other arts. Through innovative learning experiences, the department provides all students in the BA and BM programs with opportunities to become effective musicians, teachers, and advocates of music. Teaching music is the principal area in which students can find employment in the private studios, public and private schools, academies, and higher education within the ever-changing workplace. Because of this, all music majors at Mason receive some training in the teaching of music.

The department also recognizes the critical outreach role it provides in serving students from all majors as well as members of the community who significantly benefit from the values and experiences of an education in music. The department seeks to provide unique educational opportunities through its various course offerings, workshops, presentations, and performances for those seeking music enrichment.

Entrance to all music degree programs is by audition. Arrangements for an audition must be made in advance by contacting the Department of Music before the scheduled audition date. Auditions are held in November, January, and March through August, usually on the first Monday of each month except for January and August, when dates are scheduled during the university registration period.

A fundamentals of music test is given during the first week of classes to all students enrolled in MUSI 115 (Theory I). This test consists of standard musical notation in treble and bass clefs; key signatures; all intervals up to a perfect octave; and all major, natural minor, harmonic minor, and melodic minor scales, ascending and -descending.

Competency placement tests are required of all transfer students who desire to present transfer credit in any of the following areas: sight singing, ear training, and keyboard skills, including keyboard harmony.

Students must earn a minimum 2.00 cumulative GPA in their major or higher, if required by their program.

Writing-Intensive Requirement

Mason requires all students to complete at least one course designated "writing intensive" in their major at the 300 level or above. Students majoring in music may fulfill this requirement by successfully completing MUSI 331, 332, 431, or 432. Students who transfer all of these courses into Mason may be required to repeat one of them or to enroll in some other suitable course to fulfill the writing intensive requirement.

Music, BA

Students pursuing a BA must complete the general education program outlined below. This distribution enables students to develop a breadth of knowledge as well as the necessary skills to make the in-depth study of a major truly meaningful. In addition to general education requirements, students must also either demonstrate intermediate-level proficiency in one foreign language or complete a minor program. A minimum of 57 credits in music course work is required for the music major. A total of 120 credits are required.

Degree Requirements

	Credits
General Education	28–49
Foundation Requirements
Written Communication	6
ENGL 101 and ENGL 302 Non-native speakers of English with limited proficiency may substitution ENGL 100 for ENGL 101. Students must attain a minimum grade of C in ENGL 100 or 101, as well as in 302, to fulfill degree requirements.
Quantitative Reasoning (Mathematics)*	3
Core Requirements
Literature*	3
Natural Science* (2 classes; 1 must contain a lab)	7
U.S. History	3
Western Civilization	3
Social or Behavioral Science* * Also have significant elective choices as per general education listing.	3
Remaining general education requirements are fulfilled with major course work.
Other
Intermediate-level language proficiency or an academic minor	0–21
Music Major	57
Musicianship	28
MUSI 115, 116, 215 Music Theory I, II, III	9
MUSI 216 Form and Analysis	3
MUSI 113, 114 Sight Singing/Ear Training I, II	4
MUSI 171, 172, 273 Keyboard Skills I, II, III(Pianists substitute MUSI 371 and 372 for MUSI 171 and 172)	3
MUSI 331 and 332 Music History in Society I and II	6
MUSI 331 and 432 I and IV or
MUSI 332 and 432 II and IV
MUSI 431 Music History III [Meets General Education Global Understanding requirement]	3
Performance and Music Electives	29
Applied Music (Private Music Instruction) (Major Instrument or Voice)	8
Large Ensemble (transfer students must earn at least 2 credits at Mason)	4
Additional Ensembles (Large or Small; meets general education arts requirement)	3
MUSI 415 Music in Computer Technology(Meets general education information technology requirement)	3
MUSI 251 Art of Teaching Music (Meets general education communications requirement)	3
MUSI 351, 352, or 353 Pedagogy	3
MUSI 395 Teaching Internship	2
MUSI 490 Synthesis (Meets general education synthesis requirement)	3
MUSI 300 Recital Attendance, 5 semesters	0
Electives Can include additional music courses	14–35

Music, BM

A total of 120 credits are required for the BM degree. Admission to a concentration normally occurs at the end of the sophomore year.

Concentration in Performance

Degree Requirements

	Credits
General Education	24
Foundation Requirements
Written Communication	6
ENGL 101 and ENGL 302 Non-native speakers of English with limited proficiency may substitution ENGL 100 for ENGL 101. Students must attain a minimum grade of C in ENGL 100 or 101, as well as in 302, to fulfill degree requirements.
Quantitative Reasoning (Mathematics)*	3
Core Requirements
Literature*	3
Natural Science*	3
U.S. History	3
Western Civilization	3
Social or Behavioral Science*	3
* Also have significant elective choices as per general education listing.
Remaining general education requirements are fulfilled with major course work.
Performance Basic Musicianship Requirements	61
Applied Music (Private Music Instruction) [Major Instrument or Voice]	20
MUSI 324 Junior Recital	1
MUSI 424 Senior Recital	1
MUSI 491 Performance Synthesis (meets general education synthesis requirement)	1
MUSI 113, 114 Sight Singing/Ear Training I, II	4
MUSI 115, 116, and 215 Music Theory I, II, and III	9
MUSI 273 Keyboard Skills III	1
MUSI 216 Form and Analysis	3
MUSI 251 Art of Teaching Music (Meets general education oral communication requirement)	3
MUSI 319 Class Composition and Arranging	3
MUSI 415 Music in Computer Technology (meets general education information technology requirement)	3
MUSI 331, 332, and 432 Music History in Society I, II, and IV	9
MUSI 431 Music History in Society III (meets general education global understanding requirement)	3
MUSI 300 Recital Attendance (5 semesters)	0
Keyboard Concentration	25
Ensemble	5
Ensemble (Meets general education fine arts requirement)	3
MUSI 325 Performance Seminar for Singers and Accompanists	2
MUSI 351 Keyboard Pedagogy	3
MUSI 371 and 372 Techniques of Accompanying I and II	2
MUSI 379 Improvisation	1
MUSI 391 Conducting I	2
MUSI 395 Teaching Internships (2 semesters)	4
MUSI 492H Keyboard Literature	3
General Electives	10
Voice Concentration	27
Ensemble	5
Ensemble (Meets general education fine arts requirement)	3
MUSI 171 and 172 Keyboard Skills I and II	2
MUSI 325 and 326 Performance Seminar for Singers and Accompanists I and II	4
MUSI 341 and 342 Diction for Singers I and II	4
MUSI 352 Vocal Pedagogy and Lab	3
MUSI 388 Fundamental Techniques of Stagecraft	2
MUSI 391 and 396 Choral Conducting I and II	4
General Electives	8
Winds, Strings, Percussion Concentration	25
Ensemble	5
Ensemble (Meets general education fine arts requirement)	3
MUSI 171 and 172 Keyboard Skills I and II	2
MUSI 353 Instrumental Pedagogy and Literature	3
MUSI 379 Improvisation	1
MUSI 391 and 396 Instrumental Conducting I and II	4
MUSI 395 Teaching Internships (2 semesters)	4
MUSI 419 Orchestration	3
General Electives	10
Jazz Concentration	30
Ensemble	5
Ensemble (Meets general education fine arts requirement)	3
Jazz Chamber Ensemble	4
MUSI 107 The Development of Jazz	3
MUSI 171 and 172 Keyboard Skills I and II (Keyboard students substitute MUSI 371and MUSI 372 Techniques of Accompanying I and II)	2
MUSI 311 Jazz Studies (Jazz Theory, Styles, and Analysis)	3
MUSI 379 Intro to Jazz Improvisation	1
MUSI 450, 452 Jazz Improvisation I & II (2 credits each)	4
MUSI 454 Jazz Arranging	3
MUSI 492J Topics in Jazz Studies	2
General Electives	5

Concentration in Music Education

Certification to Teach

The music education concentration is approved by the Virginia State Department of Education and administered through the College of Education and Human Development, which is accredited by the National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE). Minimum scores on the Praxis I and II tests must be achieved before state licensure is granted.

Students must be formally accepted into the music education concentration by the department's Music Teacher Education Committee. They must have earned 45 to 60 credits, and have completed Sight Singing and Ear Training II, Keyboard Skills III, and Theory III with a grade of C or better. Other requirements are as follows:

¥Submit scores for the Praxis I (Reading, Writing, and Mathematics) tests to the committee. It is strongly recommended that students take the Praxis I tests as soon as ENGL 302, a course in literature, and a course in mathematics have been completed

• Maintain an overall GPA of 2.80 in all course work completed at Mason, and in course work at all institutions of higher learning combined.
• Earn no grade lower than a C in music and in professional education courses needed for graduation.
• Successfully pass sight singing, ear training, keyboard, and conducting proficiency exams during the first music methods course (MUSI 461, 463, 464, or 466). Students in the voice emphasis must also pass a voice proficiency exam, and students in the instrumental emphasis must pass a musical instrument fingering proficiency exam during the first music methods course.

Complete all course work in the program sequence.

Upon fulfilling the above requirements, students must complete 15 weeks of a full-time internship, or student teaching. Applications for placement, subject to approval of the committee, are submitted to the Office of Teacher Education at the beginning of the previous semester. Additionally, students must pass the Praxis II (Music: Content Knowledge) test during the internship semester.

Concentration in Music Education

Degree Requirements

	Credits
General Education	24
Foundation Requirements
Written Communication	6
ENGL 101 and ENGL 302 Non-native speakers of English with limited proficiency may substitution ENGL 100 for ENGL 101. Students must attain a minimum grade of C in ENGL 100 or 101, as well as in 302, to fulfill degree requirements.
Quantitative Reasoning (Mathematics)*	3
Core Requirements
Literature*	3
Natural Science (nonlab)*	3
U.S. History	3
Western Civilization	3
Social or Behavioral Science*	3
* Also have significant elective choices as per general education listing.
Remaining general education requirements are fulfilled with major course work.
Music Education Basic Musicianship Requirements	65
Applied Music (Private Music Instruction; major instrument or voice)	12
MUSI 323 Music Education Recit	0
Large Ensemble	4
Additional Ensembles (Meets general education fine arts requirement)	3
MUSI 113, 114 Sight Singing/Ear Training I, II	4
MUSI 115, 116, and 215 Music Theory I, II, and III	9
MUSI 171, 172, and 273 Keyboard Skills I, II, and III (Piano majors substitute MUSI 371 and 372 for MUSI 171 and 172)	3
MUSI 216 Form and Analysis	3
MUSI 251 Art of Teaching Music (Meets general education oral communication requirement)	3
MUSI 319 Class Composition and Arranging	3
MUSI 415 Music in Computer Technology (meets general education information technology requirement)	3
MUSI 331, 332, and 432 Music History in Society I, II, and IV	9
MUSI 431 Music History in Society III (meets general education global understanding requirement)	3
MUSI 391 and 396 Conducting I and II	4
MUSI 393 Music Administration and Management	2
MUSI 300 Recital Attendance (5 semesters)	0
Professional Education	15
EDRD 300 Language and Curriculum Integration	3
EDUC 301 Educationally Diverse Populations	3
EDUC 302 Human Growth and Development	3
(Instrumental emphasis may take EDUC 539 Human Development and Learning)
MUSI 495 Internship in Music Education (meets general education synthesis requirement)	6
Choral Emphasis in Music Education	15
MUSI 361 Class Strings	1
MUSI 363 or 364 or 365 or 369 Class Woodwinds or Class Brass	1
MUSI 366 Class Percussion	1
One of the following:
Singers take: MUSI 367 Class Guitar and PMI Piano (2 credits)	3
Guitar students take: PMI Voice (2 credits) and PMI Piano (1 credit)	3
Keyboard students take: MUSI 367 Class Guitar and PMI Voice (2 credits)	3
MUSI 352 Vocal Pedagogy and Lab	3
MUSI 461 Teaching General Music in Elementary and Middle School	3
MUSI 463 Teaching Vocal Music in Secondary School	3
Or
Instrumental Emphasis in Music Education	14
MUSI 361 Class Strings	1
MUSI 363 and 364 Class Woodwinds	2
MUSI 365 and 369 Class Brass	2
MUSI 366 Class Percussion	1
MUSI 367 Class Guitar	1
MUSI 368 Class Voice	1
MUSI 464 Instrumental Methods I (Marching Band and Jazz Ensemble) or MUSI 467 Instrumental Music Methods I (orchestra)	3
MUSI 466 Instrumental Methods II	3
Elective	1–2

Teacher Licensure

Undergraduate students seeking certification to teach vocal and choral or instrumental music at the elementary and secondary levels must earn the BM degree as specified under "Concentration in Music Education." Students who have earned a baccalaureate degree and who are seeking state licensure to teach music must also complete this sequence of courses, which constitute a state-approved program for teacher education in music.

Minor in Music

All music minors must pass a music audition. Music minors in the keyboard area use the Keyboard Skills I credit as a music elective.

	Credits
Total Required	21
MUSI 101 Introduction to Classical Music	3
MUSI 113 Sight Singing and Ear Training I	2
MUSI 115, 116 Theory I and II	6
MUSI 171 Keyboard Skills I	1
MUSI 221, 421 Undergraduate private music instruction (major instrument or voice)	6
MUSI 300 Recital Attendance (two semesters)*	0
Ensembles	3

Minor in Jazz Studies

This minor is open to music and nonmusic majors who wish to explore America's unique art form. It is open to all instrumentalists and vocalists, including students who perform on instruments not normally associated with jazz. No prior experience in jazz is needed, but candidates must pass a music audition. Jazz studies minors in the keyboard area use the Keyboard Skills I credit as a music elective.

	Credits
Total Required	21
MUSI 107 The Development of Jazz	3
MUSI 113 Sight Singing and Ear Training I	2
MUSI 115, 116 Theory I and II	6
MUSI 171 Keyboard Skills I	1
MUSI 221 Undergraduate Private Music Instruction (major instrument or voice)	2
MUSI 300 Recital Attendance (two semesters)*	0
MUSI 311 Jazz Studies	3
MUSI 485 Jazz Chamber Ensembles	3
MUSI 379 Jazz Improvisation	1

^* All students who enroll as music minors and jazz studies minors must take MUSI 300 for two semesters. A grade of "S" (satisfactory) must be earned each semester.

Interdisciplinary Minors

World Music

Faculty and Staff

Bullard (coordinator), Lepore, Owens, Carroll

Course Work

This program is designed for those who wish to widen their scope of knowledge about music while deepening their understanding of the world's peoples. For the minor in world music, students will learn—in the classroom as well as experientially in the form of applied studies and exercises in field work—how music making functions within cultural contexts, conveying varied meanings worldwide, in bodily action and musical sound. Students gain skills that will serve them in many fields of endeavor: from developing specific musical expertise to acquiring proficiency with technological and anthropological aspects of ethnographic enquiry.

Requirements

Students must complete 16 to 18 credits, with a 10-credit core and opportunities to take electives in several departments at Mason.

Prerequisite: Students must first demonstrate to the coordinator a basic level of knowledge and training in some area of Western or non-Western music, or earn a grade of B or higher in MUSI 103 or 431. Prerequisites for specific courses are indicated below.

	Credits
Total Required	16–18
Core	10
MUSI 103 Musics of the World	3
ANTH 114 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology	3
MUSI 497 Independent Study: Experiential Learning in World Music	3
One of the following two courses:	1
MUSI 221 Undergraduate Private Music Instruction or MUSI 485 Ensembles*
MUSI 303, World Music event attendance (5 each semester for 3 semesters)	0
* Selection of private music instruction or ensemble must be approved by minor coordinator.
Electives	6–8
Choose from
MUSI 221 Undergraduate Private Music Instruction	1
MUSI 485 Ensembles	1
One of the following three courses:	1–3
MUSI 102 Popular Music in America
or MUSI 107 The Development of Jazz
or MUSI 379 Jazz Improvisation
One of the following 2 courses in Dance:	3
DANC 118 World Dance or DANC 119 Afro-Latino Dance
One of the following two courses in communications:	1–3
COMM 157 Video Workshop or COMM 305 Foundations of Intercultural Communication
One course, selected from the following five categories of area studies:	3
Folklore: ENGL 333 Folklore of the Americas
African American Studies: One of the following three courses:
AFAM 200 Introduction to African American Studies
or AFAM 390 Special Topics in African American Studies,
or AVT 378 The African American Experience in the Performing Arts
Latin America: ANTH 302 Peoples and Cultures of Latin America
Island Asia: ANTH 306 Peoples and Cultures of Island Asia
South Asia: ANTH 309 Peoples and Cultures of India

Additional electives may include summer travel courses, as appropriate, and must be approved by the minor coordinator.

Professional Development Certificate in Piano Pedagogy

This certificate provides specialized training designed to meet the needs of those seeking to expand their piano teaching skills. This is a nondegree program of Continuing Education sponsored by the Department of Music. The professional development certificate can be earned through the completion of 16 hours of pedagogy-related course work.

The curriculum includes concentrated course work in keyboard pedagogy including business aspects of teaching, techniques of teaching repertoire and technical skills at different levels of student development, and a comprehensive study of teaching strategies appropriate for private and group settings. Students will have the opportunity to research current topics in the field of pedagogy. Course work includes observation of teaching, a teaching internship, and a final pedagogy project.

Certification requires a certain level of performance proficiency, and basic knowledge of music theory, sight-singing and ear training, and keyboard skills. Entry to the certificate program will include testing in theory, sight-singing and ear-training, and keyboard skills; and a performance audition to determine proficiency or placement in appropriate levels of private music instruction or course work to achieve required proficiency for certification.

Entrance Requirements

Students must demonstrate musical proficiency comparable to the following minimum levels of coursework:

• Private Music Instruction: 4 semesters
• Theory II (MUSI 116)
• Sightsinging/Ear-Training I (MUSI 113)
• Keyboard Skills III (MUSI 273) (functional keyboard skills, including transposition, harmonization, and score-reading)

If entrance exams indicate that a student is deficient in any area, the student may enroll in the appropriate level class at Mason. However, remediation classes will not count toward the 16 hours necessary to earn the certificate.

	Credits
Required Courses	16
MUSI 351 Keyboard Pedagogy I	3
MUSI 451 Keyboard Pedagogy II	3
MUSI 492H Keyboard Literature	3
MUSI 496 Teaching Internship	2
MUSI 497 Independent Study: Pedagogy Recital/Project (May be in the form of a lecture-recital or research paper)	1
Electives: To be chosen from the following options:	4
GMU piano pedagogy workshops (1 credit each) Private Music Instruction in piano at upper-level undergraduate level (1–4 credits) MUSI 371Techniques of Accompanying I (vocal) (1 credit) MUSI 372 Techniques of Accompanying II (instrumental) (1 credit) MUSI 382 Piano Ensemble (1 credit) MUSI 485 Piano Chamber Music (1 credit) Additional classes in Music Theory or Music History (with approval of advisor)

Graduate Programs

Music, MM

The expansion of professional education in the arts is paramount for the growth and development of a rich and vital cultural community and a supporting network of individual artists. The dynamics of contemporary society suggest that the impact of the arts on public life will continue to expand well into the 21st century. Each year, opportunities increase for creative work by performers, composers, sculptors, painters, dancers, actors, historians, theoreticians, and musicologists.

The MM degree is offered as an educational channel to meet the intellectual and career needs of qualified students. It is a comprehensive and advanced program of study with a choice of concentrations in performance (single or multiple instruments), music education, composition, conducting, and pedagogy and performance. The MM with a concentration in music education does notprovide licensure to teach music in public or private schools.

Admission Requirements

In addition to fulfilling the admission requirements for graduate study, applicants are expected to hold a baccalaureate degree in music or in another discipline, with courses equaling the music requirements (minus the 7- to 8-credit teaching sequence) for the BA in music offered at Mason.

The following admission requirements must also be met:

• Performance: Audition (single or multiple instruments)
• Conducting: Audition
• Composition: Submission of a portfolio of compositions
• Music education: Submission of a two- to three-page paper on the applicant's philosophy of music education

Pedagogy and performance: Audition in the primary applied teaching area is required. Applicants are expected to have large and small ensemble experience on the major instrument, and to have presented a full solo recital or equivalent. All music teaching experience should be summarized.

Diagnostic Entrance Exam

All new graduate students are required to take an entrance exam to demonstrate competence in music history, music theory, and general musicianship. The exam is offered during a three-hour period, usually on the Saturday before the first day of classes of the fall and spring semesters. All sections of the exam must be passed prior to graduation.

Foreign Language Exams (Vocal Performance Emphasis)

Students in the MM degree program (emphasis in vocal performance) must take proficiency exams in French, German, Italian, and English to prove diction competency. Students who do not pass the Italian or English diction test are required to take MUSI 525 Performance Seminar for Singers and Accompanists I. Students who do not pass the French or German diction test are required to take MUSI 526 Performance Seminar for Singers and Accompanists II.

Comprehensive Exit Exam

All students are required to pass a comprehensive exit exam administered during the graduation semester or, in the case of students selecting the thesis option in the music education concentration, upon completion of 24 credits of course work and immediately before beginning work on the thesis. August graduates must take this exam during the preceding spring term. This exam is usually a three-hour written test, with questions based primarily on course work the student has taken toward the degree at Mason.

Degree Requirements

A student must successfully complete 30 credits in graduate music courses. With the approval of the department, 3 non-music graduate credits may be taken.

The student must satisfy the following requirements:

	Credits
General Requirements	11
MUSI 511 Analytical Techniques	3
MUSI 531 Advanced Topics in Music History and Literature	3
MUSI 662 Introduction to Research in Music	3
Ensemble	2
Additional Requirements for the Concentration in Performance: Single Instrument	19
MUSI 512 Advanced Orchestration	3
MUSI 531 Advanced Topics in Music History and Literature	3
MUSI 621 Graduate Private Music Instruction: Instrumental/Vocal	9
MUSI 724 Graduate Recital	1
Electives	3
Additional Requirements for the Concentration in Performance: Multiple Instruments	19
MUSI 621 Graduate Private Music Instruction: Major Instrument	4
MUSI 622 Graduate Private Music Instruction: Secondary Instrument #1	4
MUSI 623 Graduate Private Music Instruction: Secondary Instrument #2	4
MUSI 553 Instrumental Pedagogy and Literature	3
MUSI 724 Graduate Recital: Multiple Instruments	1
Electives	3
Additional Requirements for the Concentration in Music Education	19
MUSI 562 Psychology of Music Teaching and Learning	3
MUSI 663 Aesthetics of Music Education	3
MUSI 799 Thesis or MUSI 563, 564, &565	6
Orff Schulwerk certification	9
Electives	4–7
Additional Requirements for the Concentration in Composition	19
MUSI 621 Graduate Private Music Instruction: Composition	9
MUSI 512 Advanced Orchestration	3
MUSI 531 Advanced Topics in Music History and Literature	3
MUSI 724 Graduate Recital	1
Electives	3
Additional Requirements for the Concentration in Conducting	19
MUSI 621 Graduate Private Music Instruction: Conducting	6
MUSI 597 Advanced Topics in Conducting	3
MUSI 512 Advanced Orchestration	3
MUSI 724 Graduate Recital	1
Electives	6
Additional Requirements for Pedagogy and Performance	16
MUSI 621 Graduate Private Music Instruction	6
Pedagogy I: Take one of the following courses MUSI 551 Keyboard Pedagogy or MUSI 552 Vocal Pedagogy and Lab or MUSI 553 Instrumental Pedagogy and Literature	3
Pedagogy II: MUSI 561 Advanced Topics in Music Education	3
MUSI 595 Teaching Internship	2
MUSI 684 Graduate Lecture-Recital Pedagogy Research	1
MUSI 724 Graduate Recital	1
Electives	3

The number of students accepted in the graduate conducting concentration is limited by the extent to which it is possible to provide students with practical experience. In most cases, each student accepted is offered an opportunity to gain conducting experience by serving as assistant conductor of a university ensemble.

Artist Certificates

The Artist Certificate is a specialized, graduate-level program for advanced musicians who desire to further develop and refine their performance art. This program is designed for aspiring and professional artists who seek continued artistic growth and career advancement through extensive educational training and performance experience. The program is intended for a very limited number of the most gifted performers who demonstrate strong potential for successful careers in musical performance.

The certificate program is a two-year course of study requiring at least two consecutive semesters of residence. A total of 32 semester hours is required. Advisor's approval is required for each semester's enrollment.

Admission Requirements

• An Artist Certificate application and current resume
• A bachelor's degree in music or equivalent (as evaluated by the Music Department admissions committee)
• Transcripts from previous educational institutions
• A one-page written statement of the student's goals and interest in the program
• Two letters of recommendation

A CD (preferred), audio cassette, or videotape of a live performance of solo works from the standard repertory

Those applicants recommended for a full audition must perform an audition recital and be interviewed on the Mason campus. Applicants will be notified of the date and time of the audition and interview. This final step in the admission process is a 30-minute audition, and a 15-minute interview with the panel.

Artist Certificate in Piano Performance or Instrumental Performance

	Credits
Studies in Performance	17
MUSI 621 Graduate Private Music Instruction (3 credits for four semesters)	12
MUSI 592 Advanced Topics in Music	2
MUSI 724 Graduate Recital (solo)	1
MUSI 724 Graduate Recital (solo)	1
MUSI 724 Graduate Recital (chamber)	1
Support Studies in Literature, Pedagogy, and Electives	9
MUSI 531 Advanced Topics in Music History and Literature	3
MUSI 551 Keyboard Pedagogy (Piano Performance) or MUSI 553 Instrumental Pedagogy and Literature (Instrumental Performance)	3
MUSI 595 Teaching Internship; may be repeated for a total of three semesters at 2 credits each semester	2–6
Electives (may include additional ensembles or course work)	0–4
Artist Certificate in Piano Performance
Studies in Accompaniment and Ensemble Performance	6
MUSI 571 Techniques of Accompanying I (vocal accompanying)	1
MUSI 572 Techniques of Accompanying II (instrumental accompanying)	1
MUSI 585 Chamber Ensembles (to include piano ensemble, piano trio, etc.)	1
Students may choose from additional 1-credit ensembles and performance classes	3
Or
Artist Certificate in Instrumental Performance
Studies in Ensemble Performance Students may choose from a variety of 1-credit ensembles, including:	6
MUSI 587 Symphony Orchestra MUSI 580 Wind Ensemble MUSI 583 Symphonic Band MUSI 585 Chamber Ensembles MUSI 589 Jazz Ensemble

Artist Certificate in Vocal Performance

	Credits
Studies in Vocal Performance	20
MUSI 621 Applied Voice (private music instruction, 3 credits, upper level)	12
MUSI 592 Advanced Topics in Music: Solo Vocal Repertoire Coaching	4
MUSI 526 Performance Seminar and Solo Vocal Repertoire II	2
MUSI 544 Diction for Singers I (Italian/English) or MUSI 545 Diction for Singers II (German/French	2
Vocal Performance Ensemble	9
MUSI 688 Advanced Opera and Musical Theater Techniques	6–9*
MUSI 485 Chamber Ensembles—(Solo Vocal/Chamber Ensemble)	3
*option for 3 of the 9 required performance ensemble credits, with faculty advisor’s written permission and supervision
Solo Performance Emphasis	2
MUSI 684 Graduate Lecture Recital	1
MUSI 724 Graduate (certificate) Recital	1
Elective	1

(Support studies in literature, history, pedagogy, foreign languages, Alexander tech-nique, and acting may be selected for a broader course of study and determined with the faculty advisor or director of the program).

Note: With written permission of the faculty advisor and approval of the program director, a student may receive up to 3 performance ensemble credits or 1 chamber recital credit for an off-campus professional performance project once during the two-year course of study, not to exceed three weeks during a given semester. With written permission of the faculty advisor, a student may receive 1 elective or up to 3 performance credits for participation in an Intensive Language Immersion or Summer Opera, Internship or Opera Apprenticeship Program, not to exceed six weeks during the school year.

Semester Evaluations

At the end of every semester—except the final semester, when students are expected give an hour-long, adjudicated, graduate or certificate recital—all students must give a 20-minute (upper level, 3-credit) jury of repertoire learned during the semester with the voice teacher and vocal coach in preparation of the chamber and lecture recital, or the final certificate recital. The chamber or lecture recital may be given at any time during the course of the program. Certificate students are expected to excel in the area of performance, and to maintain a 3.50 average in all core courses. Students falling below this requirement in any given semester will be given one semester probation before expulsion from the program.

Performance Expectations

Students are expected to take advantage of the many excellent performance opportunities available in the department. They are expected to perform at least twice a year in a staged opera or musical theater or scene production on campus with GMU Opera Theater; to sing in at least one vocal concert each year; and to give two recitals during the course of the program. Students are also encouraged to apply and audition for summer programs, apprenticeships, and vocal competitions.