100 History of Western Civilization (3:3:0) Students who take HIST 100 may not receive credit for HIST 101 or HIST 102. History of Western civilization from ancient Mediterranean origins through medieval and modern development of Europe to contemporary world.
101 Foundations of Western Civilization (3:3:0) Students may not receive credit for HIST 101 if they have taken HIST 100. Evolution of Western culture from ancient Mediterranean world to formation of modern Europe in 17th century.
102 Development of Western Civilization (3:3:0) Students may not receive credit for HIST 102 if they have taken HIST 100. History of Western institutions and ideas from 17th century to the present.
120 U.S. History (3:3:0) Students cannot receive credit for HIST 120 if they have taken either HIST 121 or HIST 122. Examines American society from its founding documents, values, institutions, and peoples to present. Requires experience in historical analysis.
121 Formation of the American Republic (3:3:0) Students may not receive credit for HIST 121 if they have taken HIST 120. Social, political, economic, and intellectual growth of American institutions from colonization through Reconstruction.
122 Development of Modern America (3:3:0) Students may not receive credit for HIST 122 if they have taken HIST 120. History of the United States since 1877.
125 Introduction to World History (3:3:0) Analytical approach to world history overview that surveys major features of principal existing civilizations of world, as originally formed and as altered by key global processes including forces of modernity.
130 History of the Modern Global System (3:3:0) Provides understanding of processes that have shaped modern world. Beginning in 1500, traces developments that reorganized peoples, reshaped cultures, and generated new economies in interaction between Western and non-Western societies. Focuses on Western and non-Western regions of world, and their participation in global networks resulting from mercantile expansion, industrial revolution, imperialism, nationalism, and legacies in postcolonial period.
200 Freshman/Sophomore Seminar in U.S. History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: freshman or sophomore standing. Focuses on skills, methods of learning, and subject matter to introduce discipline of history. Topics vary.
201 Freshman/Sophomore Seminar in European History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: freshman or sophomore standing. Focuses on skills, methods of learning, and subject matter to introduce discipline of history. Topics vary.
202 Freshman/Sophomore Seminar in Global History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: freshman or sophomore standing. Focuses on skills, methods of learning, and subject matter to introduce discipline of history. Topics vary.
251, 252 Survey of East Asian History (3:3:0) HIST 251 surveys history of China and Japan from prehistoric times to ca. 1600. HIST 252 surveys history of China and Japan from early modern times (ca. 1600) to present.
261, 262 Survey of African Civilization (3:3:0) HIST 261 surveys African history from earliest times to the decline of western Sudanic states in 16th century. HIST 262 surveys African history from beginnings of interaction with Europe in 15th century to recent emergence of new states.
271, 272 Survey of Latin-American History (3:3:0) HIST 271 surveys colonial era to 1825. HIST 272 surveys development of independent Latin America since 1825. Emphasizes interactions of United States, Latin America.
281, 282 Survey of Middle Eastern Civilization (3:3:0) Survey of Middle Eastern history from rise of Islam to present, emphasizing processes that led to emergence of economic, cultural, social, and political institutions that characterize region today. HIST 281 surveys period from rise of Islam in 570 to medieval period (ca. 1258); HIST 282 surveys medieval period to present.
298 History and the Web (1:1:0) Introduces techniques and methods of creating historical web sites. Overview of historical resources on web, including Internet archives, hypertext scholarly articles, and online exhibits. Examines new narrative and interpretive possibilities for doing history. Combines lecture, lab.
299 Databases for Historians (1:1:0) Introduces techniques and methods to create historical databases. Overview of web, CD-ROM, and personal databases helpful for historical research. Examines database as electronic archive and interpretive and analytical tool. Combines lecture and lab.
300 Introduction to Historical Method (3:3:0) Prerequisite: ENGL 302; COMM 100, 101 or 104; or permission of instructor. Introduces research skills and methods, as well as historical interpretation, culminating in written and oral presentations. Topics vary according to instructor. History majors strongly urged to take HIST 300 early in their program of upper-level courses. Grade of C or better is required to graduate with BA in history. Not offered in the summer.
301 Classical Greece (3:3:0) Political, social, economic, and cultural history of classical Greece from development of the city-state through 5th century.
302 Classical Rome (3:3:0) Political, social, economic, and cultural history of classical Rome from founding of the city through fall of Roman republic.
304 Western Europe in the Middle Ages (3:3:0) Survey of development of European society from collapse of Roman rule in 5th century to advent of Black Death in 14th century. Emphasizes political, social, cultural, and intellectual growth of society that developed from Roman, Catholic, and Germanic roots.
305 The Renaissance (3:3:0) Survey considering Renaissance as phenomenon rather than chronological period. Emphasizes growth of humanism in Italy in 14th and 15th centuries, development of new political concepts, and laicization of society. Includes transmission of these developments to transalpine Europe in late 15th and 16th centuries.
306 The Reformation (3:3:0) Late medieval ecclesiastical conditions and reform movements, late scholasticism, Protestant Reformation, Catholic Reformation, dynastic rivalries, and religious wars. Concludes with Peace of Westphalia.
307 Old Regime and Revolutionary Europe (3:3:0) Political, social, economic, and cultural history of Europe from 1648 to 1815. Crisis of authority, consolidation of the state, absolutism, colonial expansion, the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, and the French Revolution and Napoleon.
308 Nineteenth-Century Europe (3:3:0) History of Europe from Congress of Vienna to outbreak of World War I.
309 Europe in Crisis: 1914–1948 (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 45 credits or permission of instructor. Two world wars, the Great Depression, and political and cultural revolutions transformed Europe as never before. Explores causes and consequences of these tumultuous events, and concludes with consideration of reconstruction that caps period.
312 Nationalism in Eastern Europe (3:3:0) Examines history of modern Eastern Europe from mid-19th century through collapse of communist regimes in 1989, and includes focus on Yugoslav wars of 1990s. Nationalism provides organizing theme; topic approached through literature, political, social, cultural, and new media sources. Class sessions emphasize discussion of central issues and sources.
314 History of Germany (3:3:0) Political, diplomatic, economic, social, and cultural development of Germany from dissolution of Holy Roman Empire to present.
321 Early Modern England (3:3:0) History of England from late 15th to mid-18th century, focusing on social, political, economic, and cultural changes of period with particular attention to English Reformation and causes and consequences of English Civil War.
322 Modern Britain (3:3:0) History of Britain from mid-18th century to present. Focuses on social, political, and economic transformations of industrialization; culture of 19th-century industrial society; problems of late 19th-century economic competition and imperialism; creation of welfare state; and experience of post-World War II political, social, and economic realignments.
328 Rise of Russia (3:3:0) Political, social, and cultural experience of Russia from appearance of Kievan state to mid-19th century.
329 Modern Russia and the Soviet Union (3:3:0) Analyzes Russian civilization from mid-19th through 20th century. Focuses on tsarist society, revolution, and Soviet politics and contemporary challenge.
330 The United States Since World War II (3:3:0) Examines major domestic and foreign policy factors that shaped American experience from World War II to present. Includes political, social, and economic forces as they affected nation’s history.
336 The African American Experience in the United States: Reconstruction to the Present (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of history or permission of instructor. History of African American life in post-slavery America, and rise and consequences of racial segregation in 19th and 20th centuries. Examines African American response to continued racial inequality and repression. Covers great migration, urbanization, black nationalism, and civil rights era, as well as contemporary debates about race.
337 The Vietnam War (3:3:0) Covers the causes, major events, and legacies of America’s Vietnam War, including an introduction to Vietnamese history and culture, American decisions for war, strategy and major military engagements, diplomacy and peace talks, and the aftermath of the conflict in Vietnam and the United States.
340 History of American Racial Thought (3:3:0) Introduces history of American racial thought, with particular emphasis on relationship between social theory and social practices of racism in American life. Examines origins.
345 History of American Foreign Relations (3:3:0) Survey of American diplomacy from Revolutionary War to present, with emphasis on 20th-century issues.
350 U.S. Women’s History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 45 credits or permission of instructor. History of women and their changing status and gender roles in American society from colonial period through “second wave” of feminism in 1970s. Explores images and lives of women of different class, ethnic, and regional origins. Also focuses on women’s political, economic, and legal conditions, and changes in them.
351 History of the Old South (3:3:0) History of South to outbreak of Civil War, with particular emphasis on rise of sectionalism. Focuses on development of distinct Southern culture through emergence of economic, political, social, agricultural, and intellectual institutions.
352 The South since 1865 (3:3:0) History of South during Reconstruction, Redeemer era, and New South, with particular emphasis on race relations. Covers political, economic, cultural, and intellectual development from aftermath of war.
353 History of Traditional China (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of history or permission of instructor. China from earliest times to period of modern Western intrusion. Development of traditional Chinese culture, society, and government.
354 Modern China (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of history or permission of instructor. China from 1644 to the People’s Republic of China. Emphasizes coming of West, and various stages of Chinese reaction.
355 Women and Family in Chinese History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 45 credits or permission of instructor. Explores women’s experiences and changing meanings of womanhood over course of imperial and modern Chinese history. Focuses on issues of marriage, education, motherhood, women’s work, property rights, legal status, sexuality, notions of love, foot binding and fashion, political participation, and women’s liberation.
356 Modern Japan (3:3:0) Japan from Meiji Restoration to World War II. Emphasizes Japan’s modernization in face of challenge.
357 Postwar Japan (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 45 credits or permission of instructor. History of Japan from World War II to present. Examines Japanese experience of several key moments: Japan’s defeat in Pacific War, reconstruction during U.S. occupation, rise to economic prominence during 1960s and 1970s, and cultural and international identity crisis during 1980s and 1990s.
364 Revolution and Radical Politics in Latin America (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of history or permission of instructor. During 20th century, Latin America has witnessed both peaceful political movements and violent revolutions aimed at achieving social justice. Considers several of these movements in comparative perspective: Mexican Revolution, Arbenz government in Guatemala, Allende regime in Chile, Cuban and Nicaraguan revolutions, and Brazilian Worker’s Party.
365 Conquest and Colonization in Latin America (3:3:0) Prerequisites: 45 credits or permission of instructor. Examines forms of conquest and colonization practiced by Aztec, Inca, Spanish, and Portuguese in what is now Latin America. Includes role of ideology and religion in imperial rule, use of warfare to create empires and colonies, and implementation of political and economic systems to rule subject people.
366 Comparative Slavery (3:3:0) Prerequisites: 45 credits or permission of instructor. Examines systems of slavery from ancient world to modern world, with special emphasis on Atlantic slave trade and slave societies in Latin America and Anglo America. Considers impact of slaves and slavery on cultural, economic, and political systems in Africa and Americas from 16th to 19th centuries.
367 History, Fiction, and Film in Latin America (3:3:0) Explores modern Latin American history through different types of texts: scholarly histories, historical novels, fictional films, documentary films, and oral history. Explores ways these texts produce knowledge about the past. What motivates different approaches? What counts as evidence? How do we know what really happened? How do we decide what mattered and what did not? Also introduces several important episodes in 20th century Latin American history.
370 War and American Society (3:3:0) Examines war and American society from the colonial period to the post-Cold War era, including how military institutions, war, and the preparation for war have affected American society, and how Americans have thought about military service, experience war, and made peace through their history. Special emphasis on civil–military relations and the role of war and militarism in American culture.
373 The Civil War and Reconstruction (3:3:0) Analyzes the history of the American Civil War from its origins in the late 18th century to the withdrawal of federal troops from the south in 1877. Examines the political, social, and economic issues that led to war; the home fronts, war leadership, diplomacy, combat motivation, and grand strategy; problems associated with reconstituting the nation’s political institutions; and the integration of millions of newly freed slaves.
386 Topics in History (3:3:0) Study of historical topics of special interest. Topics announced in advance. May be repeated for credit when topic is different.
387 Topics in Global History (3:3:0) Study of historical topics or periods of special interest in global, Latin American, African, Asian, or Middle Eastern history. Topics announced in advance. May be repeated for credit when topic is different.
388 Topics in European History (3:3:0) Study of historical topics or periods of special interest. Topics announced in advance. May be repeated for credit when topic is different.
389 Topics in U.S. History (3:3:0) Study of historical topics or periods of special interest. Topics announced in advance. May be repeated for credit when topic is different.
391 History of Virginia to 1800 (3:3:0) Discovery and settlement of Virginia. Colonial period with emphasis on development of representative government and race relations, Golden Age of Virginia dynasty, and coming of Civil War.
392 History of Virginia Since 1800 (3:3:0) Decision to secede, Civil War and Reconstruction, Readjustors and Populism, disfranchisement and Constitution of 1902, and rise of Senator Harry F. Byrd. Recent developments.
393 Topics in Film and History (3:3:0) Study of historical periods or topics from perspective of feature films and documentaries. Topics available in advance in History Department. May be repeated when topic is different. Maximum 6 credits may be applied to history major.
398 Historical Study Abroad (1–3:0:0) Intended for participation in formally organized course offered by Center for Global Education during intersession or spring break. May be repeated for credit.
399 Internship (1–9:0:0) Prerequisite: history majors with permission of undergraduate coordinator. Approved work-study programs in cooperation with specific organizations including area museums; archives; historic sites; and local, state, and federal agencies. Credit determined by department.
401 Colonial America (3:3:0) Intensive study of colonial American history from European origins through Revolutionary War.
403 Revolutionary Era in American History, 1763–1812 (3:3:0) Study of formative years of new republic from Treaty of Paris of 1783 to election of 1820.
404 Jacksonian America, 1812–1854 (3:3:0) Study of age of Andrew Jackson. Emphasizes democratic institutions that emerged as dominant influences in American society.
409 Between the Wars: The United States, 1919–1941 (3:3:0) Intensive study of political, social, economic, and diplomatic developments in 1920s and 1930s.
417 History of Metropolitan Washington (3:3:0) Examines urban and suburban growth in Washington, D.C., and its suburbs in Maryland and Virginia since 1790, in context of U.S. urban history.
418 Ethnic Groups in America (3:3:0) Explores ethnicity and race in American urban society by comparing experiences of different ethnic groups as migrants to American cities.
426 The Russian Revolution (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 45 credits or permission of instructor. Era of revolutionary activity from 19th century to end of 1920s, with emphasis on Russian Revolutions of 1917. Explores why revolutionary situation developed; political, social, and cultural issues at stake; why it took various forms; and revolution’s contribution to nature of Soviet state and post-Soviet problems.
431/ENGL 431/FREN 431 Medieval Intellectual Topics (3:3:0) Selected topics in intellectual history of Middle Ages. Topics vary, depending on discipline of instructor. May be taken for credit by English or history majors.
435 Society and Culture in Early Modern Europe (3:3:0) Examines social and cultural lives of Europeans from end of Middle Ages to Industrial Revolution. Emphasizes popular and elite culture, and bridges and interrelationships between them. Focuses on religious, artistic, literary, and recreational behavior. Covers political activity and riots, strikes, royal receptions, and rituals.
436 European Society and Culture: 19th and 20th Centuries (3:3:0) Examines major cultural trends in Europe since French Revolution. Major themes include romanticism; socialism; Marxism; and social effect of modernization, science, and societies.
455/COMM 455 History of Print Journalism (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 3 credits in COMM or HIST courses. Development of print journalism from inception to present, with emphasis on interaction of technology, audience, and government intervention. Topics include birth of press; development of modern newspaper and American development, including Revolutionary and Civil wars; rise of independent press; and yellow journalism.
460 Modern Iran (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 45 credits or permission of instructor. Modern Iran, from 1800 to present, in context of several broad themes: institutional structure of state; role of great powers in Iran and Iranian response to economic, military, technological, and ideological challenge posed by West; interaction of religion and other ideologies and politics; economic development and impact on politics and society; and ways historians have sought to understand and interpret modern Iranian history.
461 Arab-Israeli Conflict (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 45 credits or permission of instructor. Some knowledge of history of Middle East since World War I strongly advised. Overview of history of Arab-Israeli conflict. Examines conflict from various perspectives: conflict over land and between competing nationalisms and identities; in terms of national interests of various states, including Israelis and Palestinians as well as other Arab governments and great powers; and in terms of peace making and conflict resolution.
462 Women in Islamic Society (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of history or permission of instructor. Surveys history of women in Islamic society from rise of Islam to present day. Examines historical processes that affected role and status of women in society, and specific topics around which issues of gender status and identity coalesced, especially in modern period.
465 The Middle East in the 20th Century (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of history or permission of instructor. Political, social, and cultural history of Middle East since World War I. Emergence of Israel, Arab nationalism, and political and economic influence of Middle East in world affairs.
466 Origins of Conflict in Southern Africa (3:3:0) Explores historical origins of conflict in South Africa, focusing on themes of economic change, cultural interaction, and political consolidation during past five centuries.
480 Alexander the Great (3:3:0) Rise of Persia, Persian wars with Greece, subjugation of Greece by Philip II of Macedonia, and Alexander the Great and his conquest of Persian empire.
490, 491 Honors Directed Readings, Honors Directed Research (3:0:0), (3:0:0) Prerequisite: admission to history honors program and permission of instructor. Students must have completed at least one course in the field, or with the professor, chosen for these honors courses. The 3 reading credits should be taken before 3 research credits, though they may be taken concurrently. Either may be taken concurrently with HIST 499.Linked, individualized courses, usually given by same instructor. HIST 490 involves directed readings; HIST 491 culminates in research paper related to subject of readings.
498 Directed Readings/Research in History (1–3:0:0) Prerequisites: history majors with 90 credits and permission of instructor. Readings, research conducted on individual basis in consultation with instructor. Student may not present more than 3 credits for graduation credit.
499 Senior Seminar in History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: history majors with 90 credits, HIST 300, and completion or concurrent enrollment in all university general education courses. Research on specialized historical topic culminating in seminar paper and oral presentation. Synthesis course; students expected to integrate knowledge and skills acquired in general education courses. Subject determined by instructor. Student may present no more than 3 credits for graduation credit. Must receive passing grade to graduate with BA in history. Not offered in summer.
510 Approaches to Modern World History (3:3:0) Introduces historical study of world beyond Europe and United States. Students read major theoretical works and case studies of particular regions. Examines imperialism, national identity, and various forms of popular resistance; familiarizes students with range of scholarly approaches, including world systems theory and subaltern studies.
523 Issues in American History (3:3:0) Open to advanced undergraduates and graduates. Reading, analysis of selected problems. Topic determined by instructor. Course may be repeated when content differs.
524 Issues in European History (3:3:0) Open to advanced undergraduates and graduates. Reading, analysis of selected problems. Topic determined by instructor. Course may be repeated when content differs.
525 Problems in Latin American History (3:3:0) Analysis of selected problems. Emphasizes reading and discussion of historical interpretations, and development of bibliography. Course may be repeated when content differs.
535 Problems in Comparative World History (3:3:0) Investigates selected problems in global and comparative history, covering multiple countries or world regions. Course may be repeated when content differs.
555 Problems in Asian History (3:3:0) Subjects announced by instructor. Discussion of readings and historical interpretations and compilation of a comprehensive bibliography on given theme. Course may be repeated when content differs.
565 Problems in African History (3:3:0) Analysis of selected problems in African history. Emphasis on reading and discussion of historical interpretations and development of bibliography. Course may be repeated when content differs.
585 Problems in Middle Eastern History (3:3:0) Prerequisite to 600-level courses: graduate standing. Analyzes selected problem. Emphasizes reading and discussion of historical interpretations, and development of bibliography. Course may be repeated when content differs.
598 Historical Study Abroad (1–3:0:0) Intended for participation in formally organized course offered by the Center for Global Education during intersession or spring break. Not repeatable.
601 Themes in U.S. History I (3:3:0) Survey of U.S. history prior to 1877. Designed for individuals entering the graduate program who need to strengthen preparation in area, or who seek to enhance knowledge of latest interpretations in field. Stresses factual knowledge and its interpretation.
602 Themes in U.S. History II (3:3:0) Continuation of HIST 601.
605 Themes in European History I (3:3:0) Survey of European history from 1500 to 1815. Designed for individuals entering graduate program who need to strengthen preparation in this area, or who seek to enhance knowledge of latest interpretations in field. Stresses factual knowledge and its interpretation.
606 Themes in European History II (3:3:0) Survey of European history from 1815 to present. Designed for individuals entering graduate program who need to strengthen preparation in this area, or who seek to enhance knowledge of latest interpretations in field. Stresses factual knowledge and its interpretation.
610 The Study and Writing of History (3:3:0) Methodology of the historian including techniques of research, use of documentation and other sources, development of bibliography, and synthesis of material.
613 The Colonial Origins of American Society (3:3:0) Study of evolution of elements in colonial society that affect contemporary American institutions and patterns of behavior.
615 Problems in American History (1–6:1–6:0) Readings and discussion of bibliographies, interpretations, and research trends in topics selected by instructor. Course may be repeated when content differs.
616 U.S. Westward Movement (3:3:0) Investigates continuity and change in American West. Topics include economic development, ethnicity, rural and urban life, and role of federal government.
617 Topics in the American Civil War Era (3:3:0) Joint project of instructor and students into various aspects of common topic in Civil War era, with emphasis on historiography and historical method.
618 The Age of Jackson, 1815–1854 (3:3:0) Survey of social, cultural, intellectual, economic, and political changes in United States during period of rapid growth and expansion. Topics include second-party system; growth of sectionalism, nationalism, and expansionism; industrialization and spread of market economy; rise of romantic reform and evangelical religion; and growth of abolitionist and proslavery movements.
619 The Constitution, Civil Liberties, and the Supreme Court (3:3:0) Investigates evolution of civil liberties in American history, and interaction of three branches of government in applying various constitutional guarantees. Students read extensively in Supreme Court decisions and secondary literature, and undertake independent research.
620 Development of the Early Republic, 1783–1815 (3:3:0) Investigates breakdown of Confederation, Constitutional Convention, and role of revolutionary ideology of republicanism. Discusses leadership and policies of republic in hostile international context. Students read extensively in monographic literature, and prepare research paper.
621 Virginia and the American Revolution (3:3:0) Detailed examination of Virginia society on eve of American Revolution, and role in events from 1750 to 1789. Combines lectures, discussion of major themes, ideas, and personalities.
622 American Minds (3:3:0) Advanced introduction to major approaches to and themes in American intellectual history. Avoids positing American mind in beginning, instead exploring diversity of American thinkers. Focuses on several pivotal decades in American thought, and sees American thinkers in social contexts. Explores how nonelites have shaped American thought. Provides diverse and multifarious look at important American minds.
623 Recent U.S. History, 1945 to Present (3:3:0) Selected political, social, economic, diplomatic, and cultural forces that shaped the post-World War II American experience.
624 U.S. Diplomatic History (3:3:0) Study of selected issues in American foreign relations, and changing historical interpretations of American diplomacy.
626 Approaches to American Culture (3:3:0) Focuses on various approaches historians have taken to history of American culture: questions they asked, assumptions they made, disciplinary tools they used, and types of materials they analyzed. Concentrates on patterns of culture, and what they say about American past and present.
627 Urban Development of the United States (3:3:0) Examines growth of U.S. cities, process of urbanization, and significance of cities in American history. Students become familiar with major issues and bibliography of American urban history.
628 Immigration and Ethnicity in the United States (3:3:0) Examines immigration and ethnicity in America since 1840. Considers why immigrants came, from where, under what circumstances, and how they adapted. Examines immigration policy and American attitudes toward immigration and ethnicity. Conducted as readings colloquium.
629 The Gilded Age and Progressive Era (3:3:0) Examines history of United States from 1877 to 1918, with attention to history of reform movements and politics, and social history of the period. Familiarizes with major issues and historical literature of the period.
630 U.S. Women’s History (3:3:0) Wide-ranging survey of burgeoning field of women’s history, emphasizing critical evaluation of sources and interpretation. Readings represent variety of approaches, which may include material culture studies, medical history, history of sexuality, political history, and social and cultural history.
631 Era of the American Revolution (3:3:0) Examines history and historiography of revolutionary era, with special emphasis on social and ideological interpretations of period. Includes events leading to War for Independence, war itself, and social and political effects of war on American society.
633 Reconstruction (3:3:0) Examines panoply of political, social, economic, and constitutional concerns from 1863 to 1880, as North and South struggled over outcome of Civil War. Addresses political institutions and power in postwar North and South, and place of former slaves in society, politics, and economy.
634 Interwar America: 1918–1939 (3:3:0) Considers issues of United States between the two world wars. Explores various ways issues complemented and contradicted each other in rich and complex historical era.
635 Problems in European History (1–6:1–6:0) Investigates selected problems. Readings, discussions, development of bibliographies. Primary sources used where possible. Course may be repeated when content differs.
636 Political Culture in Twentieth-Century Germany and Austria: Continuities and Discontinuities (3:3:0) Recent interpretations of key political events of 20th century. Asks if there were fundamental continuities in structure of German and Austrian society that can be observed throughout the period under review.
637 Great Britain: Empire to Commonwealth, 1870–1970 (3:3:0) Examines rise of “new imperialism” in Great Britain from 1870 to end of empire, and gradual formation of Commonwealth of Nations.
638 Western Europe in the Post-War Period (3:3:0) Examines process of reconstruction, reconciliation, and integration in Western Europe in 20 years after World War II. Conducted as readings colloquium.
639 Society and Politics in Western Europe, 1750–1914 (3:3:0) Focuses on changes in social conditions and ramifications in political life. Attention to urbanization of workers, changes in peasantry, growth of middle classes, decline of nobility, and major political developments and expansion of liberal reforms.
640 Metropolitan Cities of Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (3:3:0) Studies individual cities, and investigates particular cities in depth. Considers economic, social, cultural, and political features of urban life.
642 Humanism and the Renaissance (3:3:0) The Renaissance as a unique period in European cultural history from ca. 1350 to 1520. Concentrates on Italian situation as standard, with consideration given to manifestations of Renaissance in northern Europe, especially Germany, until Reformation. Focuses on recent studies of political, social, intellectual, and religious changes. Students write class reports and a larger bibliographic paper.
643 Religion and Society in the Reformation Era (3:3:0) The Reformation, ca. 1500 to 1650, was a time of major religious, intellectual, social, and political upheaval in European history. Investigates reasons for changes, and effects on European society. First half focuses on Germany, but major events throughout Europe are studied.
644 Society and Culture in Early Modern Europe (3:3:0) Overview of most recent historical work on social and cultural history of premodern West, ca. 1400 to 1800. Uses theoretical approaches and empirical methodologies of other disciplines, especially social anthropology, sociology, and literary theory, to shed new light on popular culture, class, manners, taste, rituals, religion, language, gender, and the state. Formulates new topics of research and poses new questions, and suggests new approach to more traditional topics such as politics, religion, and ideas.
645 The Russian Revolution and the Origins of the Soviet State (3:3:0) Period between 1890 and 1924 with concentration on sources of Bolshevism, problems of old regime as they led to revolutions of 1905 and 1917, and establishment of new regime and its survival in environment of foreign and civil war.
689 Teaching and Learning History in the Digital Age (3:3:0) Prerequisite: graduate standing. Examines what happens when instructors integrate new media technology into history classroom. Includes consideration of learning theory, new media theory, and an in-depth examination of state-of-the-art in practice. In the final third of semester, students produce practicum that is either working history teaching web site or concept paper for site, depending on student’s degree of technical sophistication. No prior facility with information technology required. Course appropriate for graduate students working as teachers or planning career in teaching.
690 The Administration of Archives and Manuscripts (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of U.S. history, or permission of department. Introduces principles and practices of managing records and administering archival and manuscript collections, public and private. Designed for graduate students with special interest in historical sources as well as for those specializing in applied history.
691 Museum Studies (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of U.S. history or permission of department. General introduction to museums of history and museum studies in the United States, intended for interested citizen as well as for assistance to students in course and career choices. Explores development, present state, and future possibilities of U.S. museums, with some reference to international developments.
692 Historical Editing (3:3:0) Introduces fundamentals of historical editing of documents, including microform, word processing, and computer techniques. Designed for those seeking introduction to various areas of applied history, and those intending to edit historical documents for publication.
693 Historic Preservation (3:3:0) Prerequisite: 6 credits of U.S. history or permission of department. General introduction to historic preservation in the United States, intended for interested citizen and to assist students in course and career choices. Explores development, present state, and future possibilities of historic preservation in the United States, with some reference to international aspects of preservation.
695 History Symposium (3:3:0) Subject of academic and community interest pursued through discussions and lectures by distinguished guest instructors.
696 Clio Wired: An Introduction to History and New Media (3:3:0) Students with limited computer competency should consult department before enrolling. Introduces changes that new media and technologies are bringing to how we research, write, present, and teach about the past. Students explore theoretical and historical issues as well as learn hands-on skills in digital history.
697 Creating History in New Media (3:3:0) Prerequisites: HIST 696 or permission of instructor. Seminar; students create original historical projects in digital media.
711 Research Seminar in U.S. History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: HIST 610 or permission of department. Research in specialized topics using primary sources. Maximum 6 credits may be earned.
731 Research Seminar in European History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: HIST 610 or permission of department. Research in specialized topics using primary sources. Maximum 6 credits may be earned.
751 Research Seminar in Comparative World History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: HIST 610 or permission of department. Research seminar requiring comparative research and analysis. Organized around significant topic or theme in field of world history. Topics vary from year to year. Maximum 6 credits may be earned.
790 Comprehensive Readings in U.S. History (3:0:0) To be taken in final semester of program. Integrates past work in major field and fills gaps before comprehensive exam. After a review of graduate experience, student and instructor design reading list to round out preparation for exam.
791 Comprehensive Readings in Comparative World History (3:0:0) To be taken in final semester of program. Integrates past work in major field and fills gaps before comprehensive exam. After a review of graduate course work, student and instructor design reading list to round out preparation for exam.
792 Comprehensive Readings in European History Since 1500 (3:0:0) To be taken in final semester of program. Integrates past work in major field and fills gaps before comprehensive exam. After review of graduate experience, student and instructor design reading list to round out preparation for exam.
794 Internship in Applied History (3–6:0:0) Prerequisites: 3 credits of applied history in appropriate area and 12 credits in major field, or permission of internship director. All internship placements must be approved by the department to ensure suitability to student’s program. Introduces applied history through work and study at historical museum, site, library archive, editing project, or other approved agency.
796 Directed Readings (1–6:0:0) Independent reading on topic agreed to by student and faculty member. Maximum 6 credits may be earned.
798 Directed Research and Writing in History (3:0:0) Intended for students in department’s predoctoral track who are not writing master’s thesis. Goal is to produce substantial and original contribution to historical knowledge on model of article in scholarly journal.
799 Thesis (1–6:0:0) Master’s thesis research and writing under direction of faculty committee. May not be taken prior to successful completion of comprehensive exam. Graded S/NC.
800 Studies for the Doctor of Philosophy in Education (variable credit) Prerequisite: admission to PhD in education program to study history. Program of studies designed by discipline director and approved by doctoral committee, which brings student to participate in research of discipline director and results in paper reporting original contributions of student. Enrollment may be repeated.
801 New Developments in History (3:3:0) Prerequisite: doctoral standing; or permission of instructor and HIST 610 or equivalent. Survey of current developments in historical analysis and methodology.
802 Readings for Doctor of Arts in Community College Education (variable credit) Prerequisite: admission to doctor of arts in community college education program to study history. Intensive reading of recent scholarship in broad areas of historical study. With advisor, students develop readings list and define at least three areas in which to prepare readings courses. May be repeated.
803 Doctoral Readings for Major Field (3:0:0) Independent readings for PhD students on topic agreed on by student and instructor, taken in preparation for completing major field exam. Should be broadly comprehensive of field, and cover major historical themes and historiographical debates.
804 Doctoral Readings for Minor Field (3:0:0) Prerequisite: doctoral standing. Independent readings for PhD students on topic agreed on by student and instructor, taken in preparation for completing minor field statement. Designed to help student master literature of subfield that is subject of field statement.
810 History Doctoral Colloquium (1:1:0) Prerequisite: doctoral standing. Introduces array of scholars and scholarship through discussions of innovative historical events, important theories, and significant methodological breakthroughs in history. May be taken for credit 6 times. Graded S/NC.
811 Doctoral Research Seminar (3:0:0) Prerequisite: doctoral standing. Students pursue research projects in their areas of specialization.
998 Doctoral Dissertation Proposal (1–6:0:0) Prerequisite: advancement to candidacy. Work on research proposal that forms basis for doctoral dissertation. May be taken for maximum 6 credits. Graded S/NC.
999 Doctoral Dissertation Research (1–12:0:0) Prerequisite: completion of HIST 998. Doctoral dissertation research and writing under direction of student’s dissertation committee. Graded S/NC.