Developmental Aspects

Advising is a process which links students' needs and educational experiences from freshman through senior years and beyond. This process evolves gradually within the framework of the degree program and the student's level of maturation. Where students are in this progression helps to determine what kind of assistance they need from advisors. The following chart identifies these stages, provides examples of some academic and personal issues within each stage, and gives examples of how advisors may respond.

 

Academic

Personal

Advisor's Role

Freshmen

Fearful of failing
Unsure of requirements
Confused or unrealistic expectations
New academic demands
Vague career goals

Managing emotions
Finding a social fit
Exposure to new values
Increased financial worries
Separation from family
Adjusting to life changes
Anxious/vulnerable

Be accessible
Be a good listener
Provide support
Give information on
requirements, courses
Be nonjudgmental
Make referrals

Sophomore

More aware of expectations
Tired of school
Impatient to get into major
Pressure to find a major

Mixed confidence level
Increased self-awareness
Developing support systems
Campus involvement
More relaxed

Encourage further exploration
Help with assessment of skills
Focus options on realistic choices

Junior

Settled into a major or desperately seeking one
Looking for enhancements (e.g.,
minor or double major)
Developing faculty relations
Application of learning

Balance of work, study, and free time
More confident
Looking beyond college
Leadership roles in organizations
Romantic involvement

Begin mentor relationship
Encourage responsibilities
Provide information on graduate school/careers
Encourage creativity to enhance degree

Senior

Winding down
Applying and integrating knowledge
Commencing job search/preparing
for grad school
Graduation audit

Nervous
Stressed
Unsure of future
Transition to independent adult

Assist with graduation audit
Prepare student to make transition
Continue discussion of career
Continue mentor relationship
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George Mason University

George Mason University