Statutory Penalties for Drug Related Convictions

The following is a partial list of violations of the State Code of Virginia and possible penalties.

18.2-255.2

Violation:        To manufacture, sell or distribute, or possess with intent to
                  sell, give or distribute any controlled substance, imitation
                  controlled substance or marijuana at any time while (i) upon
                  the property, including buildings and grounds, of... any
                  public or private two-year or four-year institution of higher
                  education; (ii) upon public property or any property open to
                  public use within 1,000 feet of such school property; (iii) on
                  any school bus as defined in  46.2-100; or (iv) upon the
                  property, including buildings and grounds, of any publicly
                  owned or publicly operated recreation or community center
                  facility

Possible Penalty: Imprisonment for a term of not less than one (1) year nor more

than five (5) years and fined not more than $100,000

18.2-248

Violation:        Manufacturing, selling, giving, distributing or possessing
                  with the intent to manufacture, sell, give, or distribute a
                  controlled substance (Schedule I or II*)

* Schedule I and II drugs would include: cocaine, LSD,

heroin, etc.

Possible Penalty: not less than five (5) nor more than forty (40) years and a

fine of not more than $100,000.00

18.2-250

Violation:        Possession of controlled substances (Schedule I or II)

Possible Penalty: one (1) to ten (10) years in the penitentiary, or up to twelve

(12) months in jail and/or up to $1,000.00 fine

18.2-248.1

Violation:        Sale, gift, distribution or possession with intent to sell,
                  give or distribute marijuana

Possible Penalty:

(1) If less than one half (1/2) ounce of marijuana: up to

twelve (12) months in jail and/or $1,000.00 fine

(2) More than one half (1/2) ounce but less than five (5)

pounds of marijuana: one (1) to ten (10) years in the

penitentiary or up to twelve (12) months in jail and/or up

to $1,000.00 fine

(3) More than five (5) pounds: not less than five (5) nor more

than thirty (30) years

18.2-250.1

Violation:        Possession of marijuana

Possible Penalty: not more than thirty (30) days in jail and a fine of not more

than $500.00, either or both; upon a second or subsequent

conviction of this violation of this section: up to twelve

(12) months in jail and/or $1,000.00 fine

CONVICTION FOR DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE[37;0m

OBJECTIVE: Participants will be able to list the penalties and costs resulting

from DUI convictions.

CONTENT:    If a person is convicted of the criminal offense of "Driving Under
            the Influence" they are subject to a range of penalties, as provided
            by law and at the discretion of the sentencing Court. Additionally,
            they are subject to administrative license actions by the Department
            of Motor Vehicles. Although many factors are considered before
            sanctions are imposed, there are well-defined statutory parameters
            established for the offense, or offenses, of "Driving Under The
            Influence."

CONVICTION ON FIRST OFFENSE D.U.I.:

1. Up to a $2,500 fine; and/or,

2. Up to 12-months in jail; and/or,

3. revocation of driving privileges for up to 1 year (mandatory unless placed

on VASAP probation); or,

4. suspension of all, or a part, of the above resulting in

VASAP Probation for up to 12-months;

payment of the $300 VASAP fee;

referral to, and completion of, education or treatment

intervention programs; and,

issuance of a restricted driver's license allowing you to drive to-

and-from work/ during work hours/ to-and-from VASAP intervention

programs/ to-and-from school/ to-and-from medical facilities.

CONVICTION ON SECOND OFFENSE WITHIN 5-YEARS FROM FIRST:

1. A fine of not less than $200 nor more than $2,500;

2. not less than l-month, nor more than l-year in jail (48 hours mandatory -

may not be suspended);

3. revocation of driver's license for 3-years (unless placed on VASAP) - 4-

months mandatory;

4. suspension of non-mandatory penalties resulting in

placement on VASAP for up to 12-months;

payment of the $300 VASAP probation fee;

restricted driver's license for up to 32-months (to-and-from work/

during working hours/ to-and-from VASAP intervention/ to-and-from

school/ to-and-from medical facilities;

referral to a licensed agency for treatment for evaluation.

SECOND CONVICTION WITHIN 5-10 YEARS FROM FIRST:

1. fine not less than $200, nor more than $2,500;

2. not less than l-month nor more than l-year in jail;

3. revocation of driver's license for 3-years (unless placed on VASAP) - 4-

months mandatory revocation;

4. suspension of non-mandatory penalties resulting in

placement on VASAP probation for up to 12-months

payment of the $300 VASAP probation fee;

restricted driver's license for up to 32-months (to-and-from work/

during work hours/ to-and-from VASAP intervention/ to-and-from

school/ to-and-from medical facilities).

referral to intensive education or treatment for evaluation.

THIRD CONVICTION WITHIN TEN YEARS OF FIRST:

1. a fine of not less than $500 nor more than $2,500; 2. confinement in jail for a period of not less than 2 months nor more than 1-year (30-days confinement is mandatory if the conviction is within 5- years from the date of the first conviction/10-days is mandatory if the conviction is from 5-10 years from the date of the first conviction); 3. adjudication as an Habitual Offender resulting in loss of driving privileges for 10-years or more; identification as felon driving offender.
Note:     If you are convicted of driving after being declared an Habitual
          Offender it is a mandatory punishment of 1-year in prison or jail.

A CONVICTION OF THIRD OFFENSE DUI DOES NOT ALLOW FOR VASAP PLACEMENT.

OVERVIEW OF D.U.I. - RELATED SANCTIONS


Fine    Possible      Jail      Mandatory     Possibility     Mandatory
            [36;1m(may be[37;0m    [36;1mJail[37;0m    [36;1mSentence[37;0m [36;1mloss of[37;0m   [36;1mof VASAP[37;0m   [36;1mLoss of[37;0m    
            [36;1msuspended)[37;0m [36;1mSentence[37;0m[36;1mnot be[37;0m   [36;1mlicense[37;0m   [36;1mupon[37;0m       [36;1mlicense[37;0m    
                               [36;1msuspended[37;0m[36;1mwith VASAP[37;0m[36;1mconviction[37;0m [36;1mwithout[37;0m    
                                        [36;1mreferral[37;0m             [36;1mVASAP[37;0m      
                                                             [36;1mreferral[37;0m   
 1st Offense$0-$2,500  1 year  0        1 year    Yes        1 year     
                                        restricted                      
 2nd Offense$200-$2,5001 year  48 hours 4 months  Yes        3 years    
within 5 years
 2nd Offense$200-$2,5001 year  0        4 months  Yes        3 years    
within 5-10 years
 3rd Offense$500-$2,5001 year  within 5 n/a       No         Eligible   
                               years 30                      to be      
                               days,                         Adjudicated
                               within 10                     an Habitual
                               years 10                      Offender   
                               days                                     

ددددد

Key Features:

1. A VASAP referral does not avoid a conviction for D.U.I..

2. If a defendant enrolls in VASAP, the court must impose restricted driving

privileges:

a. to and from VASAP,

b. to and from work,

c. during work if necessary.

d. to and from school

e. to and from medical treatment

3. Loss of license for refusal is consecutive to loss of license for D.U.I.

ADULT "USE AND LOSE

(18.2-259.1)

If you are convicted of any of the below drug laws:

(a) you will lose your driving privilege for six months.

and

(b) the six month suspension will be in addition to, and run consecutively

with, any other license suspension or revocation.

DRUG LAWS

18.2-248     Manufacturing, selling, giving, distributing or possessing with
             intent to manufacture, sell, give or distribute, a controlled
             substance or an imitation controlled substance.
18.2-248.01 Transporting controlled substances into the Commonwealth.
18.2-248.1   Selling, giving, distributing or possessing with intent to sell,
             give, or distribute marijuana.
18.2-248.4   Advertisement of imitation controlled substances.
18.2-248.5   Manufacturing, selling, giving, distributing, or possessing (with
             the intent to distribute) anabolic steroids.
18.2-248.7   Laundering of drug money.
18.2-250     Unlawful possession of controlled substances.
18.2-250.1   Unlawful possession of marijuana.
18.2-255     Distribution of certain drugs to persons under age 18.
18.2-255.1   Distribution, sale or display of printed material advertising
             instruments for use in administering marijuana or controlled
             substances to minors.
18.2-255.2   Sale of drugs on or near certain properties (schools).
18.2-256     Conspiracy to violate certain drug laws.
18.2-257     Attempts to violate certain drug laws.
18.2-258     Permitting common nuisances.
18.2-258.01 Enjoining nuisances involving illegal drug transactions.
18.2-258.1   Obtaining drugs, procuring administration of controlled substances,
             etc. by fraud, deceit, or forgery.
18.2-260     Prescribing, dispensing, etc. drug except as authorized in article
             and Drug Control Act.
18.2-262     Refusing to testify or produce evidence because of self
             incrimination.
18.2-264     Inhaling drugs or other noxious chemical substances or causing,
             etc., others to do so.

Note: Restricted licenses may be issued under this statute for use in the scope

of employment and travel to and from medical facilities, alcohol/drug

treatment and education, work, and school.

OUTLINE ON EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON PERCEPTUAL DEFENSIVE DRIVING SKILLS

What alcohol is:

a powerful drug

acts on the central nervous system

a depressant (slows down or stops activity)

starts with higher mental functions such as judgment

with increasing amounts, affects perceptual and motor functions

amounts, patterns of use, responsible use, etc., will be discussed in later

sessions.

Effects on perception:

Vision

vision is the most important sense for driving

reduces visual acuity (ability to see things far away,

increases time for recovery from glare

makes it more difficult to focus on eyes, affects acuity and depth

perception

reduces ability to focus and judge distance through eye convergence (point

at which fields of view of the two eyes meet)

causes double vision, making it impossible to estimate distance or exact

direction

impairs the ability to distinguish color

impairs peripheral (sideways) vision

Hearing

dulls hearing-makes it less sensitive

makes it more difficult to distinguish and compare sounds

Body Sense

impairs ability to sense speed, changes speed and direction

Effects on Judgement and Attitude

alcohol often leads to overconfidence in ability to drive - to inability

to judge one's own impairment

often produces a careless and carefree attitude

may bring out aggressiveness and/or competitiveness

may cause overactions and underreactions to driving situations

impairs reactions to driving situations

impairs the ability to judge time and speed

narrows attention

Motor

increases reaction time

balance is impaired long before a person begins to stagger

alcohol impairs coordination

affects fine motor skills - ability to steer, accelerate, and brake

accurately and appropriately

Miscellaneous

increases likelihood of passing out

in large doses, can cause people to drive off roads, drive on wrong

side of street and divided highway, stop at stop signs and wait for

them to turn green.