from UVA's A Guide to Surviving Sexual Assault

as adapted by GMU Sexual Assault Services 1995

The following information is for all partners of sexual assault survivors: married or unmarried, heterosexual, lesbian or gay. Whatever the status and make-up of the relationship, there are feelings and reactions commonly experienced by the significant other of someone who has survived sexual assault. You are not alone.

As a partner, you may find yourself confused about sexual assault and wonder if the survivor could have prevented it. You might find it difficult to listen when the survivor wishes to talk about certain aspects of the assault. You may find yourself wishing it "could just go away." You might be hesitant to let others know about the assault for fear of how they may react to you or to the survivor. You may experience feelings of guilt and responsibility, believing that somehow you could have prevented the assault. It's not uncommon to feel anger at the survivor and at others around you, or harbor a need for revenge against the assailant. You might also be unsure as to how to approach the issue of physical intimacy with your friend.

All of these feelings are understandable when someone you care about has been sexually assaulted. The important thing to remember is that these feelings need to be recognized and addressed, both by you and by your partner, so as not to create further distress in an already critical situation.

Rape is not an act of sexual motivation or sexual gratification, but is an act of violence using sex to dominate and humiliate the victim. However, many people confuse violence with sex because the same body parts are involved in sexual assault as in making love. Therefore, some respond to a survivor of a sexual assault as if she/he had provoked, wanted or enjoyed it. To the contrary, the assault leaves the survivor with a deep sense of violation and emotional upset. Not understanding the reality of sexual assault can make the crisis more difficult for both you and the survivor.

Many significant others believe they have to do something to help the survivor get over the pain. Often, there is not a lot you can do. The pain is inevitable and can take weeks, months, or even years for the survivor to completely work through. However, the following guidelines can help both you and the survivor get through some of the difficulties you may experience following the assault.

Educate yourself about sexual assault and the healing process.

Listen to and validate any feelings the survivor may be experiencing.

Listen to and express your own feelings regarding the assault.

Don't ignore what happened or try to smooth it over and "make it better."

Respect the time and space it takes to heal--patience and acceptance are

essential.

Ask the survivor what he/she wants and needs.

Encourage the survivor to seek support.

Seek support yourself- sexual assault hotline counselors and other

professionals are available to you as well as to the survivor.

The emotional impact of sexual assault does not just "disappear" for either you or the survivor. Feelings of fear, anger, confusion, guilt or powerless- ness are normal; talking about these feelings will help. And, remember to give both you and your significant other the time and space you each need to heal.