Risk Reduction

From UVA's "Facing Sexual Assault"

as adapted by GMU Sexual Assault Services

For every "completed" rape, three are successfully avoided (Bart, 1986). The key to successful avoidance is using a wide range of tactics: 1 ) knowing what sexual assault is and knowing danger signals, 2) practical lifestyle changes, and 3) knowledge of self-defense.

SOME PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS

Remember that sexual assault is a crime and is often planned. In addition to the following, consider taking a self-defense class recommended by the resources in this material. There is no guarantee of safety if you follow these suggestions, but they reduce the risks.

ON THE STREET

Walk at a steady pace, look confident, know where you are going and pay attention to what's around you. Be aware of your surroundings. Listen for footsteps or voices. If you feel threatened, don't be afraid to make a scene, run, or yell at someone to stay away from you. Be aware that if you are upset or under the influence of drugs or alcohol, you're more vulnerable under these conditions. Ask a friend to be with you. Avoid hitchhiking. Keep your car doors locked and windows up when possible. Check the back seat before you get in. If you walk to/from work or jog for exercise, vary your routes. Would-be attackers often watch for patterns.

AT YOUR HOME/WORK

Install lights in entrances and parking areas. All windows and doors should have strong locks. If you rent, insist on adequate security from your landlord. Be aware of places near your home or work-place where someone could hide. If you work/study at night, insist that your place of employment or your university provides a safe environment. Lock your door every time you leave home, even if you'll only be out a short time. When returning home at night, have your keys ready before you get to your door. If you suspect something is wrong, don't enter -- go to a neighbor or call the police.

DATE/ACQUAINTANCE RAPE

Clearly communicate what you want and what you do not want, sexually and in your relationships. Don't rely on non-verbal communication or expect that the other person will know what you want. Avoid excessive use of alcohol and drugs. Be aware of sex-role stereotypes and how they influence your behavior as well as the behavior of people around you. If you have negative feelings about someone, trust and act on your intuition. Those feelings are right at least 50 percent of the time. If you're mistrustful of someone, tell others. Ask for their help. You have the right to say no to sex or sexual touching at any time, in any place, at any point, and the right to resist unwanted sexual contact. Keep enough change for a phone call or a cab if you are stranded.

SOCIAL CHANGE

Actively work to change our society, ourselves and each other, so attitudes and behaviors that support or enable sexual assault are eradicated. Speak out against sexual assault, confront stereotypes and rape jokes. If you are a man, consider working with other men in peer education ] efforts or responding to male survivors. If you are a woman, work with survivors, with education and prevention efforts, or with crisis inter- vention, and learn self-defense. Call Sexual Assault Services, the Women's Center, or the Fairfax County Victim Assisstance Network for more information, support and advocacy.